An survey of endemic fluorosis in Jining City, Shandong Province / 中华地方病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the epidemic status of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province,Jining City,and to provide a basis for prevention and control of the disease.Methods Based on Shandong Provincial Project Technical Solutions for Endemic Fluorosis,Rencheng,Jinxiang,Yutai,Jiaxiang and Liangshan Counties in Jining were selected as monitoring sites.According to the illness situation of mild,moderate or serious districts,one village was selected as a major survey site from each county(district).There were a total of 15 such villages selected.Survey content included drinking water fluorine level; dental fluorosis of children,adults' clinical skeletal fluorosis and urinary fluorine levels; water and urinary fluoride content were determined by the method of fluoride ion selective electrode; dental fluorosis of children was diagnosed by Deans method and clinical diagnosis was based on the Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis (WS 192-2008).Results Sixty-one water samples from 15 villages of five counties (districts) were tested.Fluoride levels of 9 out of the 61 samples were exceeded the national standard (＞ 1.0 mg/L),and the rate was 14.75％; 1 sample ＞ 2.0 mg/L,and the maximum water fluoride was 2.25 mg/L.Seven hundred and seventeen people's real time urinary fluoride was detected in the 15 villages,including 420 children and 297 adults,and the geometric mean were 1.53 and 1.69 mg/L,respectively.Clinical examination of 755 children aged 8 to 12 showed that the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 26.89％ (203/755); defect rate was 9.12％(29/755) and dental fluorosis index weres 0.65.The detection rate of clinical skeletal fluorosis of 11 565 adults was 4.76％(550/11 565),including 303 moderate or serious cases.Conclusions The situation of excessive water fluorine in outside environment in Jining City has been controlled at a certain degree; groups urinary fluoride level is closed to the normal upper limit; the prevalence of dental fluorosis or skeletal fluorosis has been suppressed at a certain degree,therefore,the results of control should be further consolidated and expanded,in order to completely eliminate the fluoride hazard.