Clinical analysis of 23 pregnant women with leukemia / 中华围产医学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the perinatal outcomes and management of pregnancy with leukemia.Methods From June 1,1980 to July 31,2011,23 pregnant women with leukemia,were admitted to the Department of Obstetrics of Peking University People's Hospital.Clinical data of these women were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Among the 23 cases,nine were diagnosed before pregnancy including four with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and five with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML),and 14 diagnosed during pregnancy including eight with acute leukemia (AL) [seven with AML and one with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)] and six with CML.The prognosis of the mothers and infants were followed up.Results (1)Managements during pregnancyFor the four cases with AML,two were completely recovered and the other two had completed chemotherapy five years before pregnancy,and no relapse was reported during pregnancy.The other five cases with CML were stable during pregnancy although the results of blood routine tests were abnormal.Among them,one case was treated with hydroxyurea and one with imatinib during pregnancy,while the other three women received no treatment.For those 14 cases diagnosed during pregnancy,all were recorded with abnormal white blood counts,and nine complicated with anemia and abnormal platelet count and four with either anemia or abnormal platelet count.Among the eight cases with AL,six received chemotherapy during pregnancy and two did not due to intrauterine fetal death and 40 weeks of gestation on admission,respectively.For the six CML women,two received hydroxyurea,one took imatinib,one took leukapheresis and one accepted plateletpheresis during pregnancy,but one woman received no treatment due to regular contractions on admission.(2) Perinatal outcomes:The average gestational weeks on delivery was (38.3±2.3) weeks,and the average birth weight of newborns was (2 755 ±486) g.There were two cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation,five pre-eclampsia and one placental abruption during pregnancy.Five women were complicated with postpartum hemorrhage [average bleeding volume was (1 200± 751) ml] and two cases of puerperal infection.One pregnant woman died.Among the 23 perinatal infants,there were four premature infants,four low birth weight infants,two still births,one with congenital malformations,and two infants had abnormal blood routine tests.Eight babies were delivered by caesarean section,12 through vagina and two required forceps assistants.(3) Follow-upsExcept for one woman died during pregnancy,four of the other 22 cases were lost.Among the rest 18 cases with the follow-up from three months to 13 years,11 women survived and seven died due to leukemia.All newborns were healthy.Conclusions Pregnancy with leukemia is an extremely high-risk obstetric condition,but for patients with bearing requirement,better perinatal outcome might be achieved under proper management.