Mechanisms of nuclear receptors in gallstone formation / 国际外科学杂志

ABSTRACT

Gallstone disease is highly prevalent in clinic,particularly in women and some specific ethnic groups.The formation of water-insoluble cholesterol crystals is due to a misbalance between the three major lipids present in the bilecholesterol,bile salts,and phospholipids.Many proteins implicated in biliary lipid secretion in the liver are regulated by several transcription factors,including nuclear receptors LXR and FXR.Human and murine genetic,pathophysiological evidence is consistent with the relevance of these nuclear receptors in gallstone formation.In addition,there is emerging data that also suggests a role for estrogen receptor ESR1 in abnormal cholesterol metabolism leading to gallstone disease.A better comprehension of the role of nuclear receptor function in gallstone formation may help doctors to design new and more effective therapeutic strategies for this highly prevalent disease condition.