Predictors of Postpartum Depression: Prospective Cohort Study

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This prospective cohort study was done to investigate recall bias to antepartum variables measured at postpartum periods and predictors of postpartum depression. METHODS: Participants were 215 women who answered a self-administered questionnaire which included demographics, Postpartum Depression Predictors Inventory-Revised and Korean version of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale at antepartum 36-40 weeks and postpartum 2 weeks and 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using kappa, and hierarchical multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: Agreement between antepartum variables at both antepartum and two postpartum periods was relatively high (kappa=.55-.95). Postpartum depression rates were 36.3% and 36.7% at two follow-up points. In hierarchical multiple logistic regression analysis, prenatal depression (OR=4.32, 95% CI 1.41-13.19; OR=5.19, 95% CI 1.41-19.08), social support (OR=1.40, 95% CI 1.18-1.66; OR=1.27, 95% CI 1.06-1.53) and maternity blues (OR=4.75, 95% CI 1.89-11.98; OR=4.22, 95% CI 1.60-11.12) were commonly associated with postpartum depression at two follow-up points. Child care stress (OR=1.85, 95% CI 1.01-3.37) was only associated with postpartum depression at 2 weeks postpartum and pregnancy intendedness (OR=1.57, 95% CI 1.09-2.27) was only associated with postpartum depression at 6 weeks postpartum. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate a need to apply nursing interventions such as prenatal education and counseling with families from antenatal period.