Precaution against immediate conversions to open surgery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy / 中国微创外科杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate pre-and intra-operative preventive measures against immediate conversions to open surgery during laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods We retrospectively reviewed 568 cases of LC,27 of which underwent an immediate conversion to open surgery.Causes of conversions,surgical techniques,and curative outcomes were analyzed.Results Causes of immediate conversions included severe adhesion between the gallbladder and neighboring tissues(1.4%),severe acute cholecystitis(1.1%),freezing adhesion in the Calot triangle(0.9%),large stone obstruction proximal to the gallbladder(0.5%),abnormal anatomy of the cystic duct(0.4%),extensive adhesion around the umbilical port(0.4%),and uncontrollable hemorrhage of the gallbladder bed(0.2%).No fatal cases or intra-and post-operative complications were observed.Conclusions Preventive measures should be taken before and during laparoscopic cholecystectomy to minimize the possibility of immediate conversions to open surgery.