Principles and strategies for the prevention and treatment of parathyroid and larynge-al nerve injuries during thyroid surgery / 中国肿瘤临床

ABSTRACT

Surgery is the major treatment option for malignant tumors and some benign neoplasms of the thyroid, most of which are differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Despite the progresses that have been made in surgical techniques, iatrogenic injuries of the parathy-roid and laryngeal nerves, including superior and recurrent laryngeal nerves, could not be completely avoided in the surgical manage-ment of thyroid tumors. In this review, the causes of intraoperative injuries of parathyroid and laryngeal nerves are systematically ana-lyzed with respect to types and extents of surgical operations, changes in topical anatomy, and secondary thyroid surgeries. The princi-ples and strategies for protecting and restoring injuries of the parathyroid and laryngeal nerves are also elucidated for the effective prevention and adequate treatment of these major complications in the thyroid surgery.