Current research on cysteine-rich 61 and their application in ocular diseases / 中华实验眼科杂志

ABSTRACT

The CCN family involves a group of six secreted proteins that specifically associate with the extracellular matrix.Cyr61 is the first cloned gene of the CCN family.CYR61 can promote cell growth,adhesion,migration,differentiation,apoptosis and extracellular matrix production.The synthesis of CYR61 is highly inducible by serum growth factors,cytokines,and environmental stresses.CYR61 can also modulate the activities of several growth factors and cytokines,including transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),bone morphogenetic proteins(BMPs)and Wnt proteins.Cyr61 is an important regulator in angiogenesis,osteogenesis,and chondrogenesis,and plays an important role in embryonic development,wound healing,tumor formation and development.It is reported that CYR61 plays a role in the course of ocular neovascular diseases.It can promote the proliferation,migration and tube formation of retinal endothelial cells in vitro.Expression of Cyr61 is upregulated in the retinas of diabetic rats and the vitreous of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR)patients.CYR61 is likely to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy(DR).Research progress on CYR61 in recent years is reviewed in this article.