Prevalence and associated risk factors on preterm birth, low birth weight, and small for gestational age among HIV-infected pregnant women in Hunan province, 2011-2017 / 中华流行病学杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective: To describe the prevalence of preterm birth (PB), low birth weight (LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA) among HIV-infected pregnant women and to identify associated risk factors in Hunan province. Methods: This study appeared a retrospective one on HIV-infected pregnant women retrieved from Information System of Prevention of Mother-to-child Transmission of HIV management in Hunan province, between January 2011 and December 2017. Information regarding demographic characteristics, pregnancy, antiretroviral therapy (ART), husbands/partners' relevant situation and pregnancy outcomes, among these HIV-infected pregnant women were collected and analyzed. The incidence rates on PB, LBW and SGA were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the associated risk factors. Results: A total of 780 HIV-infected pregnant women were enrolled. The prevalence rates on PB, LBW and SGA in HIV- infected pregnant women appeared as 7.9% (62/780), 9.9% (77/780) and 21.3% (166/780), respectively. Results from the multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors as pregnancy related diseases as moderate/severe anemia, hypertensive, initial time of ART <14 gestational weeks (compared to those women without ART during pregnancy) and husbands/partners' age >35 years old (compared to husbands/partners' age 26-30 years old) etc., were associated with an increased risk of PB with adjusted OR as 4.59 (95%CI: 1.51-13.95), 4.90 (95%CI: 1.56-15.46), 2.40 (95%CI: 1.26- 4.56) and 2.29 (95%CI: 1.21-4.36). For LBW, pregnancy moderate/severe anemia, pregnancy HBV infection and initial time of ART <14 gestational weeks were associated with an increased risk of LBW, with adjusted OR as 3.28 (95%CI: 1.13-9.54), 4.37 (95%CI: 1.42-13.44) and 2.68 (95%CI: 1.51-4.76), respectively. For SGA, pregnancy HBV infection and initial time of ART <14 gestational weeks were risk factors for SGA, with adjusted OR as 4.41 (95%CI: 1.43-13.63) and 2.67 (95%CI: 1.51-4.73), respectively. Conclusion: Preterm birth, LBW and SGA were common adverse pregnancy outcomes for HIV-infected pregnant women and were associated with factors as pregnancy complications, ART and husbands/partners' age.