The risk factors for urinary tract infection in children with primary nephrotic syndrome: a Meta - analysis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective@#To systematically analyze the risk factors for urinary tract infection (UTI) in children with primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS), in order to provide scientific evidence for clinical prevention.@*Methods@#Eight databases including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database and Chinese Biological Medical Literature Database were retrieved for the case-control studies on PNS complicated with UTI in children.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, eligible studies were selected for meta-analysis by using RevMan 5.3 software.@*Results@#Finally, 12 case-control studies were included, 917 children in the case group and 2 784 children in the control group.Compared with children without UTI, statistically significant difference existed in children with UTI of elevated 24-hour urine protein [standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.45, 95% CI 0.02-0.88], decreased serum albumin (SMD=-1.06, 95%CI -1.14--0.97), elevated serum cholesterol [weighted mean difference (MD)=2.28, 95%CI 1.61-2.95], elevated serum low density lipoprotein (SMD=0.57, 95%CI 0.37-0.77), decreased plasma IgG (SMD=-0.76, 95%CI -0.94 to-0.58), elevated plasma IgM (MD=0.28, 95%CI 0.11-0.46), high-dose hormone (MD=0.75, 95%CI 0.58-0.92), and long time hormone use[<15 d odds ratio (OR)=-0.20, 95%CI 0.10-0.42; ≥15 d OR=5.00, 95%CI 2.38-10.50].@*Conclusions@#Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, hypercholesterolemia, high level of low density lipoprotein, decreased plasma IgG, high-dose hormone and long time hormone use are risk factors for UTI in children with PNS.