Analysis of genetic diversity and genetic relationship of Amomum tsao-ko germplasm resources in Yunnan by SSR markers / 中草药

ABSTRACT

Objective To evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships of Amomun tsao-ko populations in Yunnan. Methods Seven pairs of microsatellite (SSR) primers were used to analyze 24 A. tsao-ko populations; First, GenALEx was used to calculate genetic diversity parameters, PCoA and AMOVA analysis was carried out; NTsys software was then used to draw population clusters map; And finally, the Structure software was used to calculate the best K value. Results The average of Shannon’s diversity index (H) of the 24 A. tsao-ko populations was 0.49, the average of heterozygosity (He) was 0.32, the genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) was 0.090, and the gene flow (Nm) was 2.930. Eighty-one percent of the genetic differentiation among the 24 populations of A. tsao-ko existed within the population, and only 19% existed among the populations. The genetic identity (I) of the 23 A. tsao-ko populations of yellow flowers was 0.631 8-0.982 4. The genetic distance (D) was in the range of 0.017 7- 0.459 2, while the consistency degree of the A. tsao-ko population of white flower (MG5) and 23 other yellow flowers was 0.369 7-0.609 0. However, cluster analysis showed that A. tsao-ko population of the white flowers and yellow flowers were clearly separated at the genetic distance of 0.49. Structure clustering showed 209 A. tsao-ko resources can be divided into four groups when K value was 4. Conclusion The genetic diversity of A. tsao-ko populations of yellow flowers of Yunnan is higher on average, and the genetic variation is mainly found in population rather than among populations. According to the genotypes, A. tsao-ko of yellow flower and white flower are clearly divided into two categories, and the genetic distance is very far; and the yellow flower of A. tsao-ko is roughly divided into four groups.