Immune imbalance mechanism and intervention strategy in patients with Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) / 中国药理学通报

ABSTRACT

Coronaviruses, a large family of single-stranded RNA viruses, are responsible for three large-scale worldwide epidem¬ics in the first two decades of the 21st century. Thus, it is im¬perative to strengthen the research on coronaviruses. This review summarizes the similarities and differences of three coronaviruses (including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) in struc¬ture, gene, origin, infectiousness and pathogenicity. Then, the review illuminates immune response mechanism and intervention strategies in terms of cytokine storm, neutrophil extracellular traps, imbalance of lymphocyte subsets in patients infected with coronaviruses based on experimental studies and clinical cases reports. Finally, new therapeutic strategies and ideas are put forward for the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019( COVID-19).