Research status of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of advanced malignant tumors with hyperprogressive diseases / 国际肿瘤学杂志

ABSTRACT

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become extremely important treatments to benefit long-term survival of patients with a variety of advanced malignant tumors. However, a small number of patients will develop hyperprogressive disease (HPD), leading to a sharp decline in survival and quality of life, and there is still a lack of effective rescue treatment. Recent studies have shown that the occurrence of HPD is related to clinical factors such as advanced age, tumor recurrence and multi-focus metastasis. The possible mechanisms include inhibitory immune regulation, regulatory T cell aggregation, abnormal inflammatory response, proto-oncogene activation, tumor suppressor gene mutation and other pathways. Reasonable screening, accurate detection, close monitoring and combined treatment may reduce the risk of immunotherapy for HPD.