The changes of macular blood flow density in patients of macular telangiectasis type 1 with macular edema before and after the treatment of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor / 中华眼底病杂志

ABSTRACT

Objective To observe the changes ofmacular blood flow density in patients ofmacular telangiectasis type 1 (Mac-Tel type 1) with macular edema before and after the treatment of anti-VEGF.Methods A retrospective clinical study.From January 2016 to December 2017,14 Mac-Tel type 1 patients (14 eyes) diagnosed in Nanjing Medical University Eye Hospital were included in the study.There were 6 males (6eyes) and 8 females (8 eyes),with the mean age of 35.3± 9.3 years.All patients underwent BCVA and OCT angiography examinations.The BCVA examination was performed using the Snellen visual acuity chart,which was converted into logMAR visual acuity.All the patients were received anti-VEGF injection treatment once a month for 3 consecutive months.The OCTA scanning region in the macular area was 3 mm × 3 mm.Macular blood flow density in the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP),the vessel density within a 300 μm width ring surrounding the foveal avascular area (FD-300) and central macular thickness (CMT)were measured in all eyes.Paired samples t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were used in this study.Results At the baseline,logMAR BCVA was 0.69 ± 0.07,CMT was 468.43 ± 26.59 μm,SCP blood flow density was (50.99± 1.19)％,DCP blood flow density was (43.79± 1.44)％,FD-300 was (50.73 ± 1.16)％.Compared with the baseline,there were significant differences between logMAR BCVA,CMT,DCP blood flow density and FD-300 in 1 week,1 month,3 months after treatment and 2 months after cessation of treatment (logMAR BCVAt=6.77,13.30,16.99,9.51;P=0.00,0.01,0.00,0.01.CMTt=6.99,15.88,26.10,6.50;P=0.00,0.01,0.01,0.00.DCPt=6.75,8.61,15.12,7.63;P=0.00,0.01,0.01,0.00.FD-300t=11.86,13.08,14.36,4.41;P=0.00,0.01,0.01,0.03).There was no significant difference in blood flow density of SCP between baseline and 2 months after cessation of treatment (t=1.36,P=0.19),but there was significant difference at the other time points after treatment (t=5.50,6.84,6.27;P=0.00,0.01,0.01).The Pearson's correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between FD-300 and CMT (r2=0.54,P=0.04).Conclusions There is no significant change in the SCP blood flow density in the patients of Mac-Tel type 1 with macular edema,while the DCP blood flow density decreased and FD-300 increased.After anti-VEGF treatment,DCP blood flow density increased and FD-300 decreased.FD-300 is positively correlated with CMT.