The detection and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus in children in eastern Guangdong from 2019 to 2020 / 中国小儿急救医学

ABSTRACT

Objective:To analyze the detection rate of respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)and human rhinovirus(HRV), in different months and age groups, and the clinical characteristics in children in eastern Guangdong from 2019 to 2020.Methods:Pharyngeal swabs were collected from 6 658 children with respiratory tract infections hospitalized in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College from January 2019 to December 2020, and respiratory pathogen nucleic acid was detected.The detection rate, month distribution, age group distribution, and clinical characteristics of single RSV as well as single HRV positive cases were analyzed and compared.Results:There were 416 single RSV positive cases(6.25%)and 341 single HRV positive cases(5.12%).The detection rates of RSV was higher than those of HRV, and the difference was statistically significant( χ2=7.880, P<0.05).The detection rates of HRV in March, April, November and December were higher than those of RSV, and the detection rates of RSV in July, August and September were higher than those of HRV, with statistically significant difference( P<0.05).The highest detection rate of RSV was in the age group of ≤6 months with a detection rate of 13.47%(192/1 425), which gradually decreased with age, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.01).The detection rates of HRV fluctuated between 4.21% and 6.13% in each age group, and the differences among the detection rates of each age group were not statistically significant( P>0.05).All RSV-positive cases showed cough, while 77.13%(263/341)of HRV-positive cases showed cough, with a statistically significant difference( P<0.001).The incidence of wheezing in RSV-positive cases was 37.26%(155/416)compared with 28.45%(97/341)in HRV-positive cases, with a higher incidence of wheezing in RSV than that in HRV, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05).In terms of indicators to assess severe pneumonia, RSV-positive cases showed a higher proportion of increased respiratory rate, decreased oxygen saturation or dyspnea than HRV-positive cases, and all differences were statistically significant( P<0.05). Conclusion:The detection rate of single RSV is higher than that of single HRV in children with respiratory infections in eastern Guangdong from 2019 to 2020.The epidemic season of RSV is mainly in autumn, and the epidemic season of HRV is mainly in winter and spring.RSV is more susceptible up to 6 months of age, and the detection rate decreases gradually with age, and there is no significant difference in the detection rate of HRV by age.RSV-positive cases are more likely to have cough and wheeze.RSV-positive cases are more likely to have increased respiratory rate, decreased oxygen saturation, or respiratory distress.