Progress on basic research and clinical evaluation of novel molecular markers of liver cancer / 中华临床感染病杂志

ABSTRACT

Primary liver cancer includes three types Hepatocellular carcinoma, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, mixed hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Among them, hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 75% to 85%, posing a serious threat to human life and health. The screening and monitoring of high-risk populations for hepatocellular carcinoma is crucial for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as for improving the prognosis of liver cancer. Serum biomarkers play an important role in monitoring and diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, new serum biomarkers such as AFP heterogeneity, abnormal prothrombin/de-γ-carboxyprothrombin, Golgi protein 73, Dickkopf-associated protein 1, aldehyde ketone reductase-AKR1B10, gypican 3, liquid biopsies and microRNAs have been recommended for screening and monitoring hepatocellular carcinoma, and some have been included as auxiliary diagnostic measures in liver cell carcinoma guidelines. This article summarizes the progress of relevant basic research and clinical evaluation of these novel biomarkers, which may provide a reference for future clinical application.