Síndrome de Burnout en médicos de un hospital de la amazonía peruana / Burnout Syndrome in physicians of a hospital in the peruvian amazon

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar el Síndrome de Burnout (SBO) en médicos cirujanos de los consultorios externos de un hospital de la Amazonía peruana. Métodos: Estudio transversal analítico; que incluyó a 30 médicos cirujanos que atendieron en los consultorios externos de las especialidades de Medicina, Cirugía, Gineco-Obstetricia y Pediatría del Hospital Regional de Pucallpa, determinando el agotamiento profesional mediante el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach (MBI) y la percepción de la relación médico paciente mediante la escala PREMEPA. Se emplearon modelos lineales generalizados para evaluar razones de prevalencia cruda y ajustada. Resultados:El 76,7% de los médicos fueron varones, ocho de cada diez padecieron SBO. El 20% de los pacientes estuvieron satisfechos con la consulta y sólo el 16,7% indicó tener una mediana relación médico paciente. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre quienes padecían SBO y se atendieron en las consultas externas de los servicios de cirugía (RPa 1.46; IC 95% 1.20­1.76) , gineco obstetricia (RPa 1.69; IC 95% 1.41­2.03) o en aquellos pacientes que se encontraban insatisfechos con la consulta brindada (RPa 1.59; IC 95% 1.22-2.07), el haber realizado el residentado médico fue un factor protector a desarrollar SBO (RPa 0.62; IC 95% 0.62­0.77). Conclusión: Los pacientes manifiestan tener niveles adecuados de relación médico-paciente a pesar del elevado índice de SBO en médicos, las especialidades quirúrgicas predisponen a desarrollar Burnout.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine Burnout Syndrome (SBO) in physicians treated in the outpatients clinic of a hospital in the Peruvian Amazon during 2017. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study; which included 30 medical surgeons who attended in the external offices of the specialties of Internal Medicine, General Gynecology and Pediatric Surgery of the Regional Hospital of Pucallpa, professional exhaustion was determined through the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the perception of the patient-doctor relationship using the scale (PREMEPA). Generalized linear models were performed by prevalence ratios crude and adjusted estimated with a 95% confidence interval. Results: 76.7% of the doctors were male, eight out of ten suffered Burnout. 20% of the patients were satisfied and only 16.7% indicated they had a median physician-patient medical relationship. Statistically significant association was found among those suffering from Burnout and the outpatient offices were treated of surgery services (RPa 1.46; 95% CI 1.20­1.76), obstetric gynecology (RPa 1.69; 95% CI 1.41­2.03) or in those patients who were dissatisfied with the consultation provided (RPa 1.59; 95% CI 1.22-2.07), having medical residency was a protective factor to develop Burnout (RPa 0.62; 95% CI 0.62­ 0.77). Conclusion: Patients claim to have adequate levels of physician-patient relationship despite the high rate of doctors suffering from Burnout, surgical specialties predispose doctors to develop Burnout. However, having performed medical residency predisposed the doctor to have less Burnout Syndrome.