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Molecular phylogenetics of Black Cobra (Naja naja) in Pakistan
Rizwan Ashraf, Muhammad; Nadeem, Asif; Smith, Eric Nelson; Javed, Maryam; Smart, Utpal; Yaqub, Tahir; Saeed Hashmi, Abu.
  • Rizwan Ashraf, Muhammad; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Lahore. PK
  • Nadeem, Asif; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Lahore. PK
  • Smith, Eric Nelson; University of Texas at Arlington. Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology. Arlington. US
  • Javed, Maryam; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Lahore. PK
  • Smart, Utpal; University of Texas at Arlington. Amphibian and Reptile Diversity Research Center and Department of Biology. Arlington. US
  • Yaqub, Tahir; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Lahore. PK
  • Saeed Hashmi, Abu; University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences. Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology. Lahore. PK
Electron. j. biotechnol ; 42: 23-29, Nov. 2019. ilus, tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1087353
ABSTRACT

Background:

Snakes are found on every continent in the world except Antarctica, and on smaller land masses. Being ecologically important, they also cause a large number of bites, leading to millions of deaths. Mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences are being used to identify, characterize, and infer genetic biodiversity among different snake species. Furthermore, phylogenetics helps in inferring the relationships and evolutionary histories among these species. Black cobra is one of the four most venomous snakes in Pakistan. Four mitochondrial (ND4, Cytochrome b, 12S rRNA, and 16S rRNA) and four nuclear (C-mos, RAG-1, BDNF, and NT3) genes were used to trace diversity and infer the phylogenetic relationship of black cobra in Pakistan.

Results:

Almost similar phylogenies were obtained through maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference, showing two species of cobra in Pakistan, namely, black cobra (Naja naja) and brown cobra (Naja oxiana). All Naja species were divided into three clades black cobra (N. naja) and brown cobra (N. oxiana) cladding with different species of Naja; N. naja (Pakistan) cladding with N. naja from Nepal; and N. oxiana showed close relationship with Naja kaouthia from Thailand and Naja siamensis from Thailand.

Conclusion:

It was confirmed genetically that there are two cobra species in Pakistan, i.e., black and brown cobras. This study will help in not only genetic conservation but also developing anti-venom against snake species.
Assuntos


Texto completo: DisponíveL Índice: LILACS (Américas) Assunto principal: Naja naja Tipo de estudo: Estudo prognóstico País/Região como assunto: Ásia Idioma: Inglês Revista: Electron. j. biotechnol Assunto da revista: Biotecnologia Ano de publicação: 2019 Tipo de documento: Artigo País de afiliação: Paquistão / Estados Unidos Instituição/País de afiliação: University of Texas at Arlington/US / University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences/PK

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Texto completo: DisponíveL Índice: LILACS (Américas) Assunto principal: Naja naja Tipo de estudo: Estudo prognóstico País/Região como assunto: Ásia Idioma: Inglês Revista: Electron. j. biotechnol Assunto da revista: Biotecnologia Ano de publicação: 2019 Tipo de documento: Artigo País de afiliação: Paquistão / Estados Unidos Instituição/País de afiliação: University of Texas at Arlington/US / University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences/PK