Factors associated with instrumental activities of daily living dependence in the elderly: a case-control study / Fatores associados à dependência para atividades instrumentais da vida diária em idosos: estudo caso-controle

ABSTRACT

Abstract The main goal of the study was to determine the factors associated with dependence to perform instrumental activities of daily living in the elderly. A population-based case-control study was conducted, with 180 elderly people from Passo Fundo-RS, 2014. The cases were represented by 60 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living residents of the urban area of the city. The controls were represented by 120 individuals, not dependents to perform instrumental activities of daily living, residents of the urban area of the city. Crude and multivariate analysis using Poisson regression were performed to test the association between the outcome and the independent variables, estimating the crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and calculating the 95% confidence intervals respectively. All the variables with p ≤ 0.20 were included in the final model. Remained statistically significant after adjusted analysis: being aged 80 years or more (OR = 1.76; CI95% 1.01-3.08), having studied from 1 to 4 years (OR = 2.36; CI95% 1.35-4.14), being illiterate (OR = 2.98; CI95% 1.52-5.84), having Parkinson's disease (OR = 2.44; CI95% 1.39-4.29) and the presence of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.88; CI95% 1.30-2.72).

RESUMO

Resumo Esse estudo teve como objetivo determinar os fatores associados à dependência para atividades instrumentais da vida diária em idosos. Realizou-se um estudo caso-controle de base populacional, com 180 idosos de Passo Fundo-RS, 2014. Os casos foram representados por 60 indivíduos com idade ≥ 60 anos, dependentes para as atividades instrumentais de vida diária residentes nos domicílios urbanos do município. Os controles foram representados por 120 idosos, não dependentes para atividades instrumentais de vida diária, residentes nos domicílios urbanos do município. Para testar a associação entre o desfecho e as variáveis independentes, foram realizadas as análises brutas e multivariáveis mediante regressão de Poisson, estimando-se as razões de chance (OR) brutas e ajustadas e calculados os respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Entraram no modelo múltiplo todas as variáveis com p ≤ 0,20. Permaneceram estatisticamente significativos após análise ajustada estar na faixa etária de 80 anos ou mais (OR = 1,76; IC95% 1,01-3,08), ter estudado de 1 a 4 anos (OR = 2,36; IC95% 1,35-4,14), ser analfabeto (OR = 2,98; IC95% 1,52-5,84), ter diagnóstico de Parkinson (OR = 2,44; IC95% 1,39-4,29) e apresentar comprometimento cognitivo (OR = 1,88; IC95% 1,30-2,72).