Torceres: pensando diferentes possibilidades de pertencimento clubístico / Multiple ways to be a soccer fan: thinking of the different possibilities of club membership

RESUMO

Partindo do conceito de pertencimento clubístico, traçamos reflexões sobre fidelidade, exclusividade e imutabilidade, comumente acionadas para legitimar a relação torcedor-clube. No diálogo com quatro pesquisas, identificamos elementos que, de diferentes modos, tensionam tais aspectos. Na experiência de mulheres casadas com jogadores de futebol, encontramos uma polifiliação com diferentes nuances entre torcer para o "time de coração" e para clubes nos quais jogam ou jogaram os cônjuges formas de torcer marcadas por diferentes intensidades e modos de engajamento. Para torcedoras organizadas, a construção do torcer próprio é permeada por relações desiguais de gênero, concessões e, até mesmo violências, que sustentam os padrões de um "torcer genuíno". E, por fim, no caso de uma torcedora travesti, a cisheteromasculinidade atua a excluindo do universo futebolístico, e o acolhimento acontece no clube rival.

ABSTRACT

Based on a concept of club membership, we trace reflections about fidelity, exclusivity, and immutability, frequently triggered to legitimize the relation between supporters and soccer teams. In dialogue with four researches, we identify elements which, in different ways, question these aspects. In the experiences of women who are married to soccer players, we found a polyphiliation with different nuances between support "the team of your heart" and the teams in which the husbands had played or still playing forms of supporting the teams marked by different levels of intensities and engagements. In the case of women supporters who are members in organized associations of supporters, the construction of being a supporter by themselves is crossed by asymmetrical relations of gender, concessions and even violence, that sustain a supposed genuine form of being soccer fans. And, at last, in the case of a transgender soccer supporter, the cisheteromasculinity operate in her exclusion of the soccer universe, and the reception (that is part of being a supporter for her), happens in the rival team.