The prevalence of hepatitis b virus infection in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative infants: KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Afr. j. lab. med. (Online)
;
5(1): 1-5, 2016. tab
Artigo
em Inglês
| AIM
| ID: biblio-1257310
ABSTRACT
Background:
The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) amongst South African infants and children has been reported in the pre-HIV era. Despite the reported high prevalence of HIV in the general population of South Africa; the rate of HIV/HBV co-infection amongst infants and children remains poorly reported.Objectives:
We describe the prevalence of HBV infection amongst HIV-positive and HIV-negative infants by molecular methods of diagnosis using dried blood spot samples.Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between July 2011 and December 2011 in an academic referral laboratory offering viral diagnostic services to the entire KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. A total of 322 study samples were collected from discarded residual dried blood spot samples following routine infant diagnosis of HIV. Equal proportions of HIV-positive and HIV-negative infant specimens were studied. Statistical differences in the prevalence of HBV between the HIV-positive and HIV-negative samples were calculated using the Pearson chi-square test; and a p-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Further testing for HBV DNA using a nested polymerase chain reaction method was performed.Results:
The overall prevalence of HBV was 10%. In the HIV-positive group; 21 of 161 infants tested positive for HBV compared with 12 of 161 HIV-negative infants who tested positive for HBV. The proportion of infants infected with HBV was marginally higher amongst HIV positiveinfants (13.0%; 95% CI 6.8-19.9) compared with HIV-negative infants (7.5%; 95% C I2.5-13.7; P
Texto completo:
DisponíveL
Índice:
AIM (África)
Assunto principal:
África do Sul
/
Prevalência
Tipo de estudo:
Estudo observacional
/
Estudo de prevalência
/
Fatores de risco
País/Região como assunto:
África
Idioma:
Inglês
Revista:
Afr. j. lab. med. (Online)
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
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