Prevalence and outcome of hypoglycemia in children attending emergency pediatric unit of a specialist hospital in Nigeria
Sahel medical journal (Print)
;
22(2): 77-81, 2019. tab
Artigo
em Inglês
| AIM
| ID: biblio-1271707
ABSTRACT
Background:
Hypoglycemia is a common metabolic problem encountered in pediatric emergency admissions. The absence of clinical symptoms does not preclude the presence of hypoglycemia as presentation may vary from asymptomatic to central nervous system and cardiopulmonary disturbances. If untreated, hypoglycemia can result in permanent neurological damage or even death.Objectives:
The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence, associated factors and outcome of hypoglycemia in pediatric emergency admissions at Ahmad Sani Yariman Bakura Specialist Hospital, Gusau, Nigeria. Materials andMethods:
The study was a prospective crosssectional study involving children aged 1 month13 years. Blood glucose was determined at admission using AccuChek® Active Blood Glucose Meter, and hypoglycemia was defined as blood glucose levels <2.8 mmol/L (<50 mg/dL). Age of the patients, sex, interval of last meal, presenting complaints diagnoses were recorded.Results:
A total of 154 children were studied.Thirty (19.5%) were infants and 71 (46.1%) were underfives. Eightyseven (56.5%) were males with male to female ratio of 1.31.The prevalence of hypoglycemia was 22.1%. The predominant disease conditions the children with hypoglycemia presented with were severe malaria, acute diarrheal disease, and sepsis. The prevalence of hypoglycemia was significantly higher among children whose last meal was 8 h and above before presentation (42.9%). Children who presented with hypoglycemia were significantly more likely to die (odds ratio [OR] =13.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] =4.638.7). Among those with hypoglycemia, males were significantly more likely to die (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.018.0). Hypoglycemia was significantly associated with mortality in children with severe malaria and pneumonia (P = 0.04 and 0.01, respectively).Conclusion:
The prevalence of hypoglycemia is still high in our emergency admissions. It is associated with significant mortality especially among male children and those presenting with severe malaria and pneumonia. We recommend that hypoglycemia sought for and promptly treated in children presenting to emergency to reduce mortality
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Índice:
AIM (África)
Assunto principal:
Sistema Nervoso Central
/
Medicina de Emergência Pediátrica
/
Hipoglicemia
/
Nigéria
Tipo de estudo:
Estudo observacional
/
Estudo de prevalência
/
Fatores de risco
País/Região como assunto:
África
Idioma:
Inglês
Revista:
Sahel medical journal (Print)
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Artigo
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