Prevalência do bullying entre alunos do ensino fundamental / Prevalence of bullying among adolescents and implications for health promotion at school

RESUMO

Esse estudo objetivou conhecer a prevalência e os tipos de bullying entre estudantes do Ensino Fundamental. Participaram da investigação 406 alunos regularmente matriculados entre o 5º e o 9º ano de sete escolas públicas da região sul do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da aplicação de um questionário autoaplicável cujos dados foram analisados no software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Os resultados revelaram que 268 (66%) dos alunos estavam envolvidos com o bullying, sendo 195 (48%) vítimas e 73 (18%) agressores. Os locais de maior ocorrência foram as salas de aula (57,9%) e os recreios (39,4%). Os tipos mais praticados foram apelidar e xingar (58,9%) e incomodar (39,7%), sendo que as meninas estiveram mais envolvidas com o bullying. Os resultados indicam propagação da violência escolar e a necessidade de intervenções intersetoriais direcionadas para o empoderamento das vítimas de bullying, segundo os pressupostos da promoção da saúde.

ABSTRACT

This study's objective was to identify the prevalence and types of bullying experienced by elementary students. A total of 406 students from the 5th to 9th years from seven public schools located in the South of Brazil participated. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The results revealed that 268 (66%) of the students were involved with bullying, 195 (48%) as victims and 73 (18%) as bullies. Bullying more frequently occurred in classrooms (57.9%) and during recess (39.4%) and the most common types were calling names and cursing (58.9%) and teasing (39.7%); girls were those most frequently involved. The results indicate that violence is disseminated in the school routine and intersectoral interventions are needed to empower the victims based on the assumptions of health promotion.