Análise microbiológica e correlação do ph da água dos bebedouros utilizada para o consumo humano em escolas do município de Alagoa Grande ­ Paraíba / Microbiological analysis of the water of drinking fountains used for human consumption in schools of the county of Alagoa Grande ­ Paraíba

RESUMO

Introdução: a análise microbiológica das águas em escolas é de suma importância, visto que crianças em idade escolar são extremamente vulneráveis podendo desenvolver doenças por causa das condições do seu sistema gastrointestinal. Objetivo: avaliar os parâmetros microbiológicos da água de bebedouros destinados ao consumo humano de escolas de Alagoa Grande ­ PB. Metodologia: foram realizadas avaliações microbiológicas das águas disponíveis nos bebedouros, analisando a potabilidade, bem como as torneiras destes, fazendo levantamento da quantidade de fungos e bactérias encontrados. Os testes foram realizados nos laboratórios do Centro Universitário Maurício de Nassau ­ Campina Grande. Resultados: 24% das amostras estudadas apresentaram positividade para o grupo coliforme e termotolerante, portanto, não estão em estado potável para o consumo, e que a manutenção da limpeza dos bebedouros que armazenam a água está deficiente, revelando elevado número de microrganismos e presença de contaminação de todos. Conclusão: as higienizações dos aparelhos, bem como o monitoramento da água consumida nas escolas, são essenciais no controle de doenças que obviamente prejudicam o rendimento escolar dos alunos. As escolas em parcerias com instituições de saúde devem se mobilizar no sentido de capacitar e educar os funcionários que realizam a limpeza dos bebedouros, os alunos e a comunidade que os utilizam, visando a colaboração de todos para melhorar a qualidade da água consumida.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: the microbiological testing of water available in schools is of paramount importance, as school-age children are extremely vulnerable to developing diseases because of their gastrointestinal system conditions, which underscore the importance of water quality in schools and proper maintenance of the same. The water for consumption is that which is called potable water. The water that do not fit into the standards of potability can lead to pathologies to humans through their consumption. The main pathologies carried by the waters are typhoid fever, cholera, salmonellosis, shigellosis, poliomyelitis, hepatitis A, verminoses, amebiasis and giardiasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of water from drinking fountains intended for human consumption in schools in Alagoa Grande-PB. Metodology the microbiological analyzes were carried out of the water available in the drinking fountain, analyzing the potability, as well as the taps of these, surveying the amount of fungi and bacteria found. The tests were executed in the laboratories of the Mauricio de Nassau Faculty ­ Campina Grande and it was found that. Resulting 24% of the samples studied presented positivity to the coliform and thermotolerant group, therefore, were not in the potable state for consumption, and that the cleaning of the water fountains is deficient, revealing presence of a high numbers of microorganisms. The fact that the coliform group and thermotolerants were not detected in the other water samples analyzed does not mean that the water is totally safe, since high numbers of fungal and bacterial colonies were found in the nozzles of the drinking fountains. Conclusion: the results showed that the hygiene of the devices, as well as the monitoring of the water consumed in schools, are essential in the control of diseases that obviously impair the students' school performance. The schools in partnerships with health institutions should mobilize to train and educate water cleaners, students, and the community that use them, in order to collaborate with each other to improve the quality of water consumed.