Influencia de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de los adultos mayores: una revisión sistemática

RESUMEN

Objetivo: analizar cómo interfieren las diversas dimensiones de la salud oral en la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Método: se realizó una revisión sistemática en las bases bibliográficas Medline, LILACS, SciELO y EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Sciences, para ello se utilizó la estrategia de búsqueda: aged OR aging AND "oral health" OR dentistry OR "geriatric dentistry" OR "dental care" OR "dental care for aged" OR "mouth diseases" OR "tooth diseases" OR "tooth loss" OR "facial pain" OR "oral hygiene" AND "quality of life" OR "health status" OR "self concept" OR "health services needs and demand" OR "personal satisfaction" OR "attitude to health" OR "risk factors" OR "age factors" OR "health status indicators" AND "sickness impact profile" OR "health surveys" OR "need essessment" OR "surveys and questionnaires" OR "reproducibility of results". Resultados: De los 1.356 registros identificados 14 artículos fueron incluidos para el análisis. Se evidenció, mediante la evaluación bucal clínica y las encuestas de autopercepción de la salud oral, que existe una asociación entre la salud oral y la calidad de vida de las personas mayores. Conclusiones: el deterioro de la calidad de vida de las personas mayores es causado, principalmente, por la pérdida de dientes.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To analyze how the various dimensions of oral health interfere with the quality of life of older adults. Method: a systematic review was carried out in the bibliographic databases Medline, LILACS, SciELO and EBSCO Dentistry & Oral Sciences using the search strategy: aged OR aging AND "oral health" OR dentistry OR "geriatric dentistry" OR "dental care" OR "dental care for aged" OR "mouth diseases" OR "tooth diseases" OR "tooth loss" OR "facial pain" OR "oral hygiene" AND "quality of life" OR "health status" OR "self concept" OR "health services needs and demand" OR "personal satisfaction" OR "attitude to health" OR "risk factors" OR "age factors" OR "health status indicators" AND "sickness impact profile" OR "health surveys" OR "need assessment" OR "surveys and questionnaires" OR "reproducibility of results". Results: Of the 1,356 records identified, 14 articles were included for the analysis. Clinical oral evaluation and oral health self-perception surveys demonstrated the association between oral health and quality of life in older adults. Conclusions: the deterioration of the quality of life of older adults is mainly caused by the loss of teeth.