Efeito do treinamento físico aeróbio e do uso de estatinas sobre o perfil lipídico de animais com dislipidemia / Effects of physical training and statins therapy in the lipidic profile of animals with dyslipidemia

RESUMO

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito do treinamento físico aeróbio (TFA) e a sua associação com estatinas no controle do perfil lipídico em modelo experimental animal com dislipidemia. Este estudo experimental utilizou ratos machos Wistar submetidos a ração comercial e sedentários (GRS), ração comercial e TFA (GRTAF), á dieta hipercolesterolêmica mantidos sedentários (GDHS) e submetidos ao TFA (GDHTFA), à dieta hipercolesterolêmica, sinvastatina, sedentários (GDHSiS) e submetidos ao TFA (GDHSiTFA), à dieta hipercolesterolêmica, fluvastatina, sedentários (GDHFS) e treinados (GDHFTFA).O TFA foi realizado em esteira rolante durante oito semanas. Foi realizado o teste t-teste de Student pareado, com nível de significância para p < 0,05. Notou-se redução significante no nível sérico CT associado ao TFA, exceto em GDHSiTFA, comparado aos sedentários. Observou-se redução nos níveis séricos de HDLc nos grupos GDHFTA (12,1±2,6mg/dL) e GDHS (15,2±2,9mg/dL), comparado aos demais. Houve aumento da fração não-HDLc em GDHSiTFA, GRS e GDHS (76,8±28,4; 71,4±19,9; 62,9±17,3mg/dL, respectivamente), comparado aos demais (GRTFA=52,8±18 mg/dL; GDHTFA=50,4±7,1 mg/dL; GDHSiS=45,4±15,3mg/dL; GDHFTFA-47,1±21mg/dL; GDHFS (52,3±14,8mg/dL). Notou-se, redução nos níveis séricos de triglicérides nos grupos GDHFTFA (53,3±33mg/dL) e GDHSiS (45,1±20,0) e GDHFS (79,3±23,3mg/dL), exceto em GDHSiTFA (89,6±30,4mg/dL), e GRS (108,2±20,6mg/dL). Conclui-se que o TFA associado à fluvastatina parece potencializar o tratamento da dislipidemia considerando a redução de CT se comparado à simvastatina; no entanto, alterações em HDLc foram resistentes mesmo com o uso de TFA e hipolipemiantes. A variação nos níveis de triglicérides e não-HDLc dificulta avaliar a associação entre TFA e hipolipemiantes, exigindo continuidade dos estudos, especialmente do protocolo de treinamento físico.(AU)

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of physical training (TFA) and its association with statins in the control of the lipidic profile in an experimental model for dislipidemic animals. To achieve that, male Wistar rats were submitted to commercial ration diet and sedentaries (GRS), commercial ration diet and TFA (GRTFA), hypercholesterolemic diet and sedentaries (GDHS), hypercholesterolemic diet and TFA (GDHTFA), hypercholesterolemic diet, simvastatin and sedentaries (GDHSiS), hypercholesterolemic diet, simvastatin and TFA (GDHSiTFA), hypercholesterolemic diet, fluvastatin and sedentaries (GDHFS) and hypercholesterolemic diet, fluvastatin and TFA (GDHFTFA). TFA was performed using treadmill during eight weeks. The paired t Student test was performed and the level of significance considered in the comparative statistics was p<0.05. Total cholesterol level (CT) in rats subjected to TFA was lower than in sedentary rats, except in GDHSiTFA. There was a reduction in HDLc level in GDHTFA (12.1±2.6mg/dL) and GDHS (15.2±2.9mg/dL), comparing to the other groups. Increased non-HDL fraction was observed in GDHSiTFA, GRS and GDHS (76.8±28.4; 71.4±19.9; 62.9±17.3mg/dL, respectively) when compared to the others (GRTFA=52.8±18 mg/dL; GDHTFA =50.4±7.1 mg/dL; GDHSiS=45.4±15.3mg/dL; GDHFTFA-47.1±21mg/dL; GDHFS (52.3±14.8mg/dL). There was an reduction in triglycerides levels in GDHFTFA (53.3±33mg/dL), GDHSiS (45.1±20.0) and GDHFS (79.3±23.3mg/dL), except in GDHSiTFA (89.6±30.4mg/dL) and GRS (108.2±20.6mg/dL). In conclusion, dyslipidemia treatment seems to be improved by TFA associated to fluvastatine, considering the reduction of CT, compared to simvastatin. However, HDLc changes are resistant even with TFA and lipid-lowering therapy. Changes in triglycerides levels and non-HDLc make it difficult to evaluate the association between TFA and lipid-lowering therapy. Further studies are necessary to elucidate this, especially the physical training protocol.(AU)