Correlation between fluorescein angiography, optical coherence topography and visual acuity in diffuse diabetic macular edema pre and post intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide

ABSTRACT

To study the correlation between macular thickness by OCT, macular edema by FA and visual acuity finding in eyes with diffuse diabetic macular edema pre and after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide. This study included 40 eyes of 28 diabetic patients diagnosed as they had diabetic macular edema. Group I included 20 eyes with primary diabetic macular edema. Group II included 20 eyes with refractory diabetic macular edema. All patients received 4mg of intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide [IV TA]. Full ophthalmological examination. Fluorescein angiography and measurement of macular thickness [MT] by OCT were done to all cases preoperatively and 1.3 and 6 months postoperatively. Pre IVTA in group I there was strong negative correlation between FA and VA[r/=-0.519] and weak correlation MT and VA[r=-0.421] while the correlation was positive between MT and VA[r=0.924]. In group II; there was negative correlation between FA,MT and VA[r=-0.594 and r=-0.672] but the correlation between MT and VA was positive, after IVTA allover the follow up period there was positive correlation between FA and MT in both groups. While the Correlation between BCVA and FA in Group I was negative correlation at 3rd and 6th month, the correlation in Group II was statistically non significant The correlation between MT and VA in group I was statistically significant 3 months after injection in both groups, however its effect decreases and recurrence of macular edema occurred 6 months after injection. In group II the correlation between MT and VA was statistically non significant. There is strong correlation between VA, OCT and fluorescein leakage. Visual acuity depends mainly on the macular perfusion not the amount of edema. OCT can differentiate between diffuse macular edema and cystoid macular edema diagnosed by fluorescein angiography