Molecular characterization of wheat Triticum aestivum cultivars using isoenzyme analysis and RAPD fingerprint

ABSTRACT

Molecular characterization of Egyptian Triticum aestivum wheat cultivars including protease isoenzyme pattern and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprint [RAPD] was studied. Protease isoenzyme patterns indicated that the enzyme could exist as fast, intermediate or slow migrating forms. The numbers and relative mobility of protease bands of these cultivars were different and ranged between 2 and 5 bands. The degree of similarity between the wheat cultivars was determined and the results obtained indicated that Beni-Swif 3 and Sakha 8 have 100% similarity and could not be differentiated by the protease isoenzyme patterns. DNA fingerprints of wheat cultivars were studied using 10 random primers, of which only one primer P-262 gave visible and reproducible polymorphic bands. RAPD analysis and dendrogram indicated the genetic diversity and intervarietal relationships between the cultivars and also can be used for cultivar identification. RAPD analysis can differentiate between the cultivars that can not be differentiated by protease isoeznymes such as Beni-Swif 3 and Sakha 8. This study constitutes a contribution to the identification of molecular markers for genetic diversity and intervarietal relationships among Egyptian wheat cultivars