[ review in novel pandemic H1N1 A]

ABSTRACT

After the report of suspicious cases in Mexico City in 17 April 2009, 2 cases of swine origin influenza A were confirmed in U.S.A and was a novel triple re-assortment of H1N1. This virus was transmitted from pigs to human and has high rate of transmission between humans and distributed on the world in a short time. The phase 6 th of pandemic had reported by WHO in 3 months. This article is a review study that is provided from searching in Scopus, Medline and Embase data banks and CDC and WHO sites and its information updated before publication. The Swine-origin Influenza A [H1N1] is a triple reassortment of season, birds and swine flu virus. The disease manifestation is like conventional seasonal flu. The best way of disease control is vaccine and appropriate treatment. Fortunately, the disease has a controlled condition in the world. The disease transmission is person to person via infected droplets. The pandemic rapidly happens and has sequential waves. The disease manifestation in humans varies from unmarkable disease to server pneumonia resulting in hospitalization and maybe death and generally is like season flu but with a different epidemiologic feature. The definite diagnosis is RT-PCR or cell culture from the nose pharynx, nasal, pharyngeal and nasal or tracheal wash samples. The prevention includes observing hygiene points is the most important way of pandemic control. Nowadays, two kinds of novel virus vaccine is available that include flu shot[inactived virus with intra muscular injection in deltoide] and nasal spray [live attenuated virus]. The best treatment is neuraminidase inhibitors [Oseltamivir and Zanamivir] which recommends to hospitalized high risk persons preferably in first 48 hours. Chemo prophylaxis recommends to special cases. The occurrence of novel influenza A, conventional season flu and birds flu in the world increases the rate of reassortment and puts the society at high risk. There is no appropriate antibodies against novel reassorted viruses in the society so probability of rapid progression of a new disease is high. However, people consciousness and health and cure bases readiness specially in gathering places, dormitories, schools, universities and garrisons is very important