Incidence and mortality of diabetic ketoacidosis in Benghazi-Libya in 2007

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis and the mortality rate at Benghazi city. A cross-sectional study of the records of all patients admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis to all Benghazi hospitals [governmental and private] between 1st of January and 31st of December 2007. The annual incidence of diabetic ketoacidosis was 41.7 episodes/100,000 populations with a mean age of 33 +/- 20.1 years [2-93]. Around 52% of all the episodes occurred in males and 2.6% of adult Diabetic ketoacidosis occurred in pregnant females. Type-2 diabetics were responsible for 27.7% of all episodes. The commonest precipitating factor in the whole study group was dose disruption [35%], followed by infection [20%]. The most common presenting symptoms were gastrointestinal, whilst 3.5% of the patients were comatose at presentation. The overall mortality was 11.7% and there was no significant difference in mortality between males and females [11% vs. 12.6%; p=0.6]; however, type-2 diabetics showed a significantly higher mortality rate [29.3% vs. 4.9%; p=0.000]. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a common condition in Libya with a high mortality rate and type-2 diabetics constitute a considerable number of the cases