Diseases causing acute renal failure in a tertiary care hospital

ABSTRACT

This study was done to evaluate frequency of acute renal failure [ARF], its causes and out come of the patients. Descriptive analytic study. March to Dec 2007 at Combined Military Hospital Lahore. All patients, admitted in different wards of the hospital, who developed acute renal failure [doubling of serum creatinine measured on two occasions 12 hours apart], were included in this study. A total of 39 patients were included in the study. Males were 19 [48.71%] and 20 [51.28%] were female. Mean age of patients was 40.2 years [SD=18.0]. The major cause was acute Gastroenteritis seen in 23 [58.97%] cases. Others developed ARF due to, Abruptio Placentae 5 [12.82%], Postoperative 5 [12.82%], Eclampsia 3 [7.69%] and Drug induced 3 [7.69%]. Oliguric phase developed in 28 [71.79%] patients and lasted for 8.45 +/- 4.16 days. Of these 17 [60.71%] patients had acute gastroenteritis. Gastroenteritis is the most common and important cause of ARF though gynaecological and surgical etiologies must be kept in mind. It is evident that the gynaecological and surgical patients need critical peri-partum and peri-operative monitoring to prevent development of ARF. Early institution of therapy will prevent subsequent morbidity associated with this disease