Comparison of etiology and rate of infection in different surgical wounds

ABSTRACT

To recommend the steps to decrease the wound infection and improve the health care facilities by comparing the incidence of infection in different surgical wounds and to see the causes of these infections. Cross-sectional, comparative prospective study. Al-Noor Specialist Hospital, Holly Makkah, KSA. 1-06-2005 to 30-5-2006. This is a prospective study, which includes 520 patients above the age of 12 years including both males and females. All the patients under went surgery either elective or emergency. Patients were divided in to 04 groups according to the standard surgical wound classification. All the 520 patients were admitted in general surgery department of Al-Noor specialist Hospital, Makkah, KSA. Out of these 340 patients [65.38%] underwent emergency surgery and 180 patients [34.6%] underwent elective surgery. These patients were divided in to four groups according to the standard wound classifications i.e. clean, clean contaminated, contaminated and dirty wounds. In elective surgery, we can avoid the 'wound infection by stopping smoking at least 2 weeks before surgery, good control of diabetes mellitus, lung and cardiovascular disease before surgery, antibiotic prophylaxis on induction o anesthesia and avoid excessive blood loss during surgery. In emergency surgery, we can avoid wound infection by making the arrangement that patients can reach the hospital in early course. of their disease, early diagnosis, good antibiotic cover, less operative time, experienced surgeon and peroperatively good peritoneal lavage