Frequencies of various ocular pathologies detected on B-scan ultrasonography in patients of ocular trauma

ABSTRACT

To determine the frequencies of various ocular pathologies detected on B-scan ultrasonography in patients of ocular trauma. A descriptive cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in 162 patients of ocular trauma from 14th September 2011 to 14th march 2012 presenting to the outpatient department of Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital in collaboration with the B-scan department of the hospital. All the information was recorded on proformas and data analysis was done using SPSS 13.0. There were 134 [82.7%] males and 28 [17.3%] females. The study showed that age group 1-20 yrs is most commonly affected by ocular trauma. Males are 5 times more commonly affected by ocular trauma than females. Vegetative material [29%], metallic objects [27.2%] and stone material [17.9%] were most common causes of ocular trauma. While plastic objects [8.6%], blast injuries [4.9%], glass [4.9%], hand and finger trauma [3.7%] and animal horn trauma [3.7%] were less common causes. The study showed vitreous hemorrhage to be most common B-scan finding in ocular trauma [31.5%] while 19.8% patients had no abnormality detected on B scan. Retinal detachment was present in 17.9% patients, intraocular foreign body [IOFB] in 9.9% and endophthalmitis in 7.4%. In patients of ocular trauma, most common B-scan finding is vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment and intraocular foreign body. Although significant number of trauma patients have normal B-scans as well. In ocular trauma patients B-scan can be an excellent tool to examine posterior segment when anterior segment pathology precludes clinical examination. This study provides a local data base of the burden of posterior segment pathology in ocular trauma patients that requires urgent management by Vitreoretinal specialist for better visual outcome: