Value of C.T. scan in the evaluation of facial trauma

ABSTRACT

The introduction of high resolution C.T. scanner as a new diagnostic modality has provided marked improvement in the diagnosis of facial trauma. Both the bony and soft tissue injuries could be well evaluated. The basic technique involves no hazard or discomfort for the patient. It supplies a wealth of information concerning the effect of trauma on the bones and soft tissues. Multiple facial fractures, especially those associated with craniocerebral or spinal injuries, are better and more safely assessed by C.T. Degrees of comminution, previously grossly underestimated by conventional radiography, are more accurately assessed by C.T. High resolution C.T. has become the definite method for studying complex facial fractures. In this study, thirty eight patients with facial trauma were studied by C.T. scan. Axial and coronal thin slices were used. The accuracy of the results were confirmed in patients who have undergone surgical management. The role of C.T. was evaluated and its accuracy was found to be high in demonstrating fractures involving maxillary bone and sinus, zygoma, as well as orbital walls. Le Fort II and Le Fort III fractures were well identified and easily recognized Fractures-involving the nasal bones and nasal septum either alone or associated with other fractures could be well visualized and evaluated. Fractures involving the zygomatic area and mandible were also assessed by C.T. scan with proper determination of the degree of comminution or displacement. Both axial and coronal slices were performed and the two methods complemented each other and increased the diagnostic efficiency of the C.T. technique