Effect of hyperproteinized dienized diets on the blood serum and structure of the cerebellum, liver and kindney of growing chickens

ABSTRACT

Concentrates are widely used in sheep, pig and poultry nutrition as a protein rich nutrition supplement. These concentrates are considered as animal by-products which are useful to provide essential amino acids. The current study was designed to investigate whether the use of high amount of concentrates for fretting of chickens could lead to the ftrination of certain amounts of prion protein [PrP] in their organs. Thirty Arbor acre chickens, one- day old were used and divided into three groups. The 1st group was fed on basal diets and served as a control. The 2nd and 3rd groups were fed on hyperproteinized diets which contained 50% and 80% concentrates respectively. The animals were fed for four months. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected and the sub-cellular fractions homogenates for sera were separated using SDS-PA GE pattern. cerebellum, liver and kidney were obtained and processed fir light microscopic study. Periodic Acid Schiff positive immaterial was demonstrated in the liver and kidney. The result of SDS-PA GE pattern of serum protein of 50% hyperproteinized -fed chickens showed an increased in the percentage of albumin, missing of some bands and appearance of two new bands at 31 and 24 kdt. Microscopic examination of cerebellar sections of hyperproteinized-fed chickens revealed structural changes in Purkinje cells. Some of these cells were displaced with vacuolated nuclei; others showed eccentric deeply stained nuclei. There was a separation between Purkinje cell layer and time underlying granular one. The white matter showed marked vacuolation. In hyperproteinized feeding chickens, the liver sections showed loss of the hepatic architecture, hydropic degeneration and inflammatory cellular infiltration. The hyperproteinized diets caused renal glomnerular atrophy with widening of the capsular space and disintegration of some renal tubular epithelial cells. In the liver and kidney, there was a significant decrease [P < 0.01] in the PAS + material in both treated groups in comparison with the control. It was concluded that, feeding of concentrates to chickens induced histopathological changes in the adult chicken organs. So it is recommended to avoid adding animal parts to chicken frulder. As the dependence on the frulder containing animal protein in long term feeding of chickens might result in production of PrP in their tissues and thus might reach to human