[Assessment of some complications obtained from male mice's addiction to morphine on first generation of offspring]

ABSTRACT

Addiction to opium is a factor that leaves an important impression on embryo. In this research we are going to examine the effect of father's addiction on the first generation of offspring. The general goal of this research is determining some of the probable complications obtained from male mice's addiction to morphine in their first generation. In this research 3 groups of mice have been chosen. The first group was injected with morphine for 20 days with crescent doses in quantity of 10, 15, 20 mg/Kg and at an interval of 5 days, the second group with a single dose of morphine in quantities of 25 mg/Kg, and the third group, as the first one, was injected with normal saline in quantities of 10 mg/Kg for 20 days. All injections were carried out intraperitoneally. Twenty-four hours after the last injection in each group, every male mouse was mated with a non-addicted adult female mouse and was compared from quantity of producing the vaginal plug of experimental groups and observer's point of view. After observing vaginal plug, female mice were separated and kept in detached cages. The time of labor, and the offspring were compared about the embryonic duration, the offspring numbers of each mother, the death rate after birth in the first and the second months, the average of weight at the time of birth, the numbers of male gender compared to females with control group. Results showed that the rate of producing vaginal plug in mice which had mated with addicted male mice is more than control group. Embryonic duration in experimental groups is shorter and the offspring number is more than control group. The death rate of offspring after being born was more and average of weight is less than control group. Also the number of male gender was more than female in experimental groups. Male addiction to morphine, cause of death birthing, decreased weight in the first offspring generation, and also increase in the number of offspring, decreases the embryonic duration, increases the number of male offspring and vaginal plug in mothers