Hepatocellular carcinoma peritoneal metastasis: role of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy [HIPEC]

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Peritoneal dissemination of hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] is a rare presentation with an incidence of 2-6%. The most common cause of peritoneal deposits is a ruptured HCC that results in tumor spillage into the peritoneal cavity. The overall incidence of spontaneous ruptures of HCC ranges from 5 to 15% and carries a high mortality rate of up to 50%. Other factors influencing peritoneal dissemination are the lymph node metastasis and the direct diaphragmatic invasion and there is no significant association with past history of FNAB, or percutaneous RFA or ethanol injection and lung or adrenal metastasis