Assessment of multidetector CT virtual hysterosalpingography as a reliable modality for the evaluation of female genital system abnormalities

ABSTRACT

Background: virtual hysterosalpingography is a novel, noninvasive modality that combines the capabilities of multidetector CT with the established technique of hysterosalpingography to allow a simultaneous non-invasive evaluation of the entire uterine wall, uterine cavity, cervix and Fallopian tubes. The evaluation of the para-uterine pelvic structures is considered as a great advantage of the procedure that can be an alternative diagnostic technique in the infertility workup algorithm. Virtual hysterosalpingography with the reconstruction of two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and virtual endoscopic views allows a comprehensive evaluation of the female reproductive system with a single imaging test, it gives well-appointed anatomic information and a detailed characterization of the different pathologic processes. In comparison with HSG, US and MR imaging techniques that have been used for the diagnostic work-up of female infertility; virtual hysterosalpingography provides more detailed information about abnormalities of the cervix, uterus, Fallopian tubes and other pelvic structures and it may allow a more accurate evaluation of tubal patency. However, the resultant exposure of the patient to ionizing radiation is a relative disadvantage that must be weighed against the clinical purpose: