Effect of caffeine consumption on nutritional characters and premenstrual syndrome symptoms during phases of menstrual cycle in girls

ABSTRACT

Because of contradictory reports of caffeine consumption, and premenstrual syndrome [PMS] as well as nutritional character as a function in follicular, luteal and menstrual phases in Egyptian girls. A total of 75 under graduated girls [19 - 21 year] were recruited from Specific Education Faculty of Mansoura University. They classified into low [< 200 mg/ day], moderate [200-300 mg/day] and high [> 300 mg/ day] caffeine consumption groups. PMS symptoms were determined by questionnaire daily intake of energy producing nutrients and some minerals were evaluated by 24 hour recall method the caffeine consumption was also estimated. Blood samples were taken at different phase of menstrual cycle for determination of hemoglobin and packed cell volume. Serum oestrogen, progesterone, cholesterol and total protein were estimated as well as some serum minerals [Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Na]. The obtained data were evaluated for three menstrual cycles. Headache and tendency to sleep were decreased in high caffeine consumption group but blood pressure was increased. Energy producing nutrients were significantly decreased in high and moderate caffeine consumption groups at follicular and menstrual phase is compared with low caffeine consumption group. Although the intake of minerals were increased in most phases of moderate and high caffeine consumption groups, serum minerals values except sodium were decreased than mean normal values. Heamoglobin and PCV were decreased than mean normal values at all phases, and that appeared obviously significant at menstrual phase. Progestrone, oestrogen, and cholesterol were significantly increased in high caffeine consumption groups and non significant increase in moderate caffeine consumption group. It is recommended that healthy diet, and caffeine restriction may be helpful in lowering PMS symptomes and maintance the healthy status during menstrual cycle in girls