Selected some biochemical parameters used as new markers for diagnosis of bladder cancer

ABSTRACT

Bladder carcinoma is the most prevalent cancer in Egypt and in most African countries, where it causes 30.3% of all cancers. Bliharzial infestation causes bilharzial bladder cancer, a preventable malignant disease, which arises in a background of schistosomiasis. From this point of view, the aim of the present investigation is to select a good marker, which may be considered as a new trend to assess any disturbance that occurs in tissue insult and to differentiate between cancer bladder with and without schistosomiasis. Succinate dehydrogenase [SDH], glucose-6- phosphatase [G-6-Pase], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH] isoenzymes and 5‘-nucleotidase were detected in bladder tissue, while tyrosinase, tyrosine aminotransferase [TAT] and protein profile were detected in patients serum. The results showed that, patients with bilharzial bladder cancer disease recorded more significant inhibition values in both succinate dehydrogenase and glucose-6- phosphatase enzyme activities than in patients with cancer disease as compared to the normal bladder tissue, while higher significant elevation levels of 5‘-nucleotidase, tyrosinase and tyrosime aminotransferase were observed. Lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes recorded variation in its subunits, where LDH-l, showed significant decreased level in patients with bilharzial bladder cancer disease, while significant increased level in patients with cancer was noticed and the reverse for LDH-4 and LDH-S. Concerning immunoelectrophoretic separation pattern of serum protein profile, it recorded higher significant depression level of albumin, prealbumin,alpha-lipoprotein,beta-lipoprotein, alpha-macroglobulin, alpha-acid glycoprotein, alpha-l-antitrypsin, cholinesterase, ceruloplasmin, haemopexin, hepatoglobin, transferrin as well as total protein in bilharzial bladder cancer cases than in bladder cancer only as compared to the control group. In conclusion, significant changes in all biochemical parameters studied were noticed especially in patients with bilharizial bladder cancer than bladder cancer only