[ review on biological effect of Cleome L. and identification the compositions of Cleome coluteoides essential Oil]

ABSTRACT

Cleome belongs to Capparidaceae family which are annual or perenial forbs and or shrubs, often with bottomnal coverage. Research in other parts of world has determined that some species of this plant such as C.drosiflolia, C.hirta, C.gynandropsis, C.chrysantha and C.gunandra and several other species have had antibacterial effects and or native people use some of these species as traditianal drugs. Considering that different species of Cleome have wild separation in Iran and little research have been done about them. Aerial parts of Cleome coluteoides was collected from North East of Tehran [Khojir National Park], in June 2002 and was identified by Dr.Mozafarian. A voucher specimen has been deposited at the Herbarium of Research Institute of Forests and Ranglans [TARI], Tehran, Iran. Air-dried aerial parts at the plants were ground and subjected to hydrodistillation for 2h using a Clevenger-type apparatuse to give a yellew oil in [0.6% w/w] yield. Also some of the C. coluteoides was extracted with nonpolar solvent [n-hexan] and then the solvent was evaporated. The essential oil obtained from two methods were ananlysed through combination of GC [retention-indices] and GC/MS. The major components in essential oils of C. coluteoides In hydrodistillation method: Carvacrol [46.124%], Phethalic acid [10.682%] Heneicosane [5.382%] Solvent extraction method: Xylene [29.923%], Dodecane [14.435%] Essential oil obtained from extraction with water, has shown 46mm inhibitory effect on Bacilus cerius and 18mm effect on Staphilocucus ureus