Association of angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] gene polymorphism and diabetic nephropathy

ABSTRACT

Angiotensin I-converting Enzyme [ACE] gene polymorphism; genotype DD or D allele may be involved with an increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy [DN]. We examined the frequency of ACE gene polymorphism in 170 patients [85 type 2 diabetes with nephropathy and 85 without it] in Tehran, Iran. DNA was extracted from the white blood cells and the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene was detected by PCR. The frequency of DD, ID and II genotypes in type 2 diabetic patients were 20%, 61.2% and 18.8%, and in patients with nephropathy 30.6%, 55.3%, 14.1%, respectively. The DD genotype of the DN group was higher than that of the type 2 diabetes patients [30.6% vs 20%, P=0.157, RR=1.3] and the control group [30.6% vs 14.3%, P=0.006, RR=2.9]. The frequency of D allele in nephropathic patients was 58.2% as compared to the type 2 diabetic patients without nephropathy [50.5%] P=0.19, RR=1.16. The D allele frequency in the DN group was found slightly higher than of the type 2 diabetes [X2=0.684, OR=0.709, 95%CI 0.313-1.606, P=0.408] which indicated the D allele was not associated with DN. It is suggested that DD genotype and D allele are not associated with diabetic nephropathy