Overview on tissue culture, regeneration and gene transfornation to Artemisia annua L.

ABSTRACT

Artemisia annua L. a highly aromatic annual herb is a widely dispersed through out the temperate region containing the main active anti malaria compound artemisinin a sesquiterpene lactone. Because of low artemisinin level, unsuccessful chemical synthesis and slightly improvement of molecular breeding methods, biosynthesis of this valuable compound was noticed by using the tissue culture and Genetic Engineering in these years. The rate transformation could be varies with different factors like genotype, age, explant type and agrobacterium strain. The results recently was shown that explants in tissue cultures are very sensitive to kanamycin concentration and even it could be late shoot and root formation. Hairy root culture is another subject that is in these years was niticed as a alternative method by designing the new bioreactor for production if this secondrary metabolite