The FISH test for the diagnosis, surveillance, and prognosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

ABSTRACT

A brief history of the fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH] test and its use in the management of bladder tumors is outlined. After a brief review of the subject, between 1990 and the present, including sensitivity and specificity studies, a referenced list of the various uses of the FISH test is provided. It is concluded that the FISH test has almost completely replaced cystoscopy, urine cytology and all other tests and markers for the diagnosis, surveillance, management, and prognosis of bladder tumors. It has completely changed and revolutionized our previous routine of managing bladder tumors