[Leukocyte adhesion deficiency]

ABSTRACT

Leukocyte adhesion deficiency [LAD] is a rare functional leukocyte disorder, which is divided into two separate types LAD-1 and LAD-2. LAD-1 results from lack of beta2 integrin molecules [CD 11 and CD 18] on the leukocyte cell surface. These molecules are essential for leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells and chemotaxis. The present case report is about a 42-month-old girl with recurrent otitis, pneumonia and gingivitis. On physical examination, patient was pale and malnourished. Multiple desquamated erythematous plagues were found on her body and extremities. Blood investigations revealed persistent leukocytosis with normal serum Immunoglobulin profile and complement. The diagnosis of LAD1 was made based on Flow cytometry finding; showing decreased in GD11 and CD 18 markers of PMN-a. When a patient has persistent leukocytosis and recurrent infections, investigation for the primary immune deficiency, specially leukocyte adhesion deficiency must be considered