Role of Genetic Factors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

ABSTRACT

According to the remarks of gastroenterologists, prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease is increasing in our country. Since these diseases are the cause of multiple complications and low quality of life in patients, it mandates more considerations. On the other hand the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease remained unclear and majority of researchers confirm the interaction of genetics, immunologic and environmental factors in its pathogenesis. Considering these factors separately is an important point in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease. This article evaluates the role of genetic factors in inflammatory bowel disease and different studies, in this field. Since discovery of the first inflammatory bowel disease related chromosomal locus in 1996, 10 related chromosomal loci have been recognized. The majority of studies have been performed on CARD15/NOD2 gene [IBD1 locus] and its polymorphisms. Since understanding of exact pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease is important in promoting newer and more effective therapeutic modalities, this goal would be accessible with extension of such clarifying studies