Manejo de un algoritmo para la detección de gamopatías monoclonales en suero: experiencia del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología en México / Management of an algorythm for serum monoclonal gammopathies detection: experience of Instituto Nacional de Cancerología in Mexico

RESUMO

Most patients with multiple myeloma have an abnormal band in the gamma region of protein electrophoresis. To correlate the clinical diagnosis with patterns of protein electrophoresis. Retrospective analysis of all protein electrophoresis or immunoglobulin quantification requested during 1992 and review of clinical charts of patients. During 1992, 553 protein electrophoresis were requested. Of these, 344 were repetitions and 209 came from patients seen for the first time. Among the latter, we found a monoclonal component in 40. Of these 40 patients, 35 had a multiple myeloma, one had a plasmocytoma and four a non-Hodgkin lymphoma. 14 patients with diagnosis of myeloma did not have a monoclonal component in protein electrophoresis. These figures resulted in a 71 percent sensitivity and 97 percent specificity for monoclonal components in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma. The monoclonal component of patients with myeloma was characterized as IgG in 29 (60 percent), IgA in 5 (10 percent) and IgM in one. A monoclonal component present in a protein electrophoresis has a high diagnostic accuracy for multiple myeloma