The serological differentiation of acute and chronic schistosomiasis japonica using IgA antibody to egg antigen

ABSTRACT

Two groups of Schistosoma japonicum infected patients (acute and chronic) and non-infected individuals were studied using IgA antibody to egg antigen (SEA) and IgG and IgM antibodies to keyhole limpet haemocyanin (KLH). The means and standard deviation of the optical density in ELISA of acute, chronic and negative groups for IgA anti-SEA were 583ñ124.7, 98.2ñ78.8 and 82.2ñ39.3, respctively. There was a statistically significance between acute patients and chronic patients (P<0.01). The means and standard deviation of IgG and IgM antibodies to KLH were 501.5ñ150.6, 113.0ñ79.1, 28.8ñ56.3 and 413.6ñ148.5, 70.2ñ14.8, 65.3ñ45.3, repectively. The detection results of IgA to SEA compared with the IgG and IgM to KLH did not demonstrate a significant difference (P>0.01). The sensitivities of IgA to SEA and IgG and IgM antibodies to KLH for the detection of acute infection were 95.24 per cent, 90.48 per cent and 85.71 per cent respectively. Therefore, this study showed that the detection of IgA to SEA is also a useful new method for the serological differentiation of acute and chronic schistosomiasis japonica in humans.