Prevalência dos marcadores sorológicos dos vírus da hepatite B e D em crianças das tribos Caiabi e Txucarramäe do Parque Indígena do Xingu, Brasil central / Prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis B and D viruses in Indian children of the Caiabi and Txucarramäe tribes of Xingu Indian Park in Central Brazil

ABSTRACT

The medical literature has shown that the inhabitants of the Amazon region are highly affected by hepatitis B and delta viruses infection, but this has never been studied in Indian children by age group. A study of the prevalence of serological markers of hepatitis B and delta viruses in Indian children aged 0 to 14 years living in the PIX was carried out. This Park is located in Central Brazil, a region which is in the transition between the savannab to the south and the Amazon jungle to the north. To determine the prevalence of HBV and HDV markers in Indian children and to characterize the route of HBV transmission in this region. Out of the 17 tribes living in the PIX, two--the Caiabi and the Txucarramäe--were chosen because both live in the North part of the Park, but have quite different ways of life. The overall prevalence of HBV serum markers was: HBsAg, 4.5 per cent; anti-HBs, 39.6 per cent; anti-HBc, 44.1 per cent; any marker of HBV, 47.3 per cent; and anti-HDV, 0.0 per cent. However, a striking difference in the prevalence of hepatitis B markers was observed between the two tribes: younger Caiabi children were much less affected than the Txucarramäe ones. The prevalence of HBsAg in fertile women was 12 per cent, being anti-HBe positive. Our data suggest that HBV infection is highly prevalent among Indian children living in this Indigenous Park and vertical infection is not an important route of transmission in either tribes.