Prevalencia de anticuerpos anti-hantavirus en personal de salud en contacto directo con pacientes portadores del síndrome pulmonar por hantavirus, Temuco, 1997 a 1999 / Prevalence of hantavirus antibodies in health care workers exposed to patients with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome at Temuco, Chile

ABSTRACT

Background: An outbreak of Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HVCS) caused by the Andes virus, affected Chile since 1995. Antibodies to Hantavirus in health care workers who had cared patients with HVCS in Coyhaique, Argentinean reports and familial clustering of hantaviral illness, raised the possibility of person to person transmission. Familial clustering could occur secondary to a similar exposure to a common infected environment of more than one member of the family. Moreover, the prevalence of antibodies in health care workers in Coyhaique does not differ from the prevalence in general population in that region. Aim: To study the prevalence of antibodies to Hantavirus in health care workers exposed to body fluids of 20 patients. Material and methods: Among health care workers exposed to patients with HVCS, we registered information about the exposure to patients and to the environment outside the hospital in which they could have been infected. IgG antibodies against Hantavirus were measured by ELISA using two dilutions. Results: Sixty seven workers were studied. Of these, 73 percent were exposed.to respiratory secretions and blood, 21 percent to blood and 6 percent to respiratory secretions. Only 6 percent protected themselves properly, 49 percent used facial masks and gloves, 25 percent only facial masks, 7 percent only gloves and 12 percent used no protection measures. In none of these workers, Hantavirus antibodies were detected. Conclusions: These results are supporting evidence against person to person transmission of the Andes virus