Escleroterapia versus somatostatina na hemorragia digestiva alta por ruptura de varizes esofágicas / Sclerotherapy versus somatostatin in the treatment of upper digestive hemorrhage caused by rupture of esophageal varices

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of somatostatin versus endoscopic sclerotherapy in the management of digestive bleeding caused by rupture of esophageal varices. Forty patients were evaluated; 21 were randomly assigned to receive somatostatin (initial 250 micrograms followed by a 48-hour continuous infusion of 250 micrograms/h and 250 micrograms 6/6 h bolus in the first 24 hours) and 19 to receive endoscopic sclerotherapy with ethanolamine oleate 5 per cent. The patients were evaluated after 48 hours and after 7 days of treatment. Both groups of patients were similar in sex, age, gravity of the hemorrhage and liver dysfunction. Therapeutic failure occurred in 26.3 per cent and 35.7 per cent in the group of endoscopic sclerotherapy (48 h and 7 days respectively), and in 23.8 per cent and 21.4 per cent in the group of somatostatin. The need of blood transfusion (3.38 U in the group of endoscopic sclerotherapy and 2.42 U in the group of somatostatin) and the mortality rate (31.6 per cent in the group of endoscopic sclerotherapy and 28.6 per cent in the group of somatostatin) were also similar (P > 0.05). The authors conclude that somatostatin is as effective as endoscopic sclerotherapy and that it should be considered in the treatment of acute esophageal variceal bleeding